___________________________________ ZMAGAZINE NOVEMBER ___________________________________ NOVEMBER 11, 1986 ISSUE 2.6 ___________________________________ PUBLISHER: EDITOR IN CHIEF: RON KOVACS ___________________________________ COORDINATOR: LARRY MIHALIK PUBLISHING ASSISTANT: KEN KIRCHNER ___________________________________ Xx Editor Column Welcome to Zmag!! This week we cover a number of new Atari ST releases, New Basic Column debuts, News and Ken White replies with a commentary in Antic/Analog Blues Part 3. In the very near future, Our new Editor will be here performing the tasks required. Alan Kloza of the Surf City BBS will be assisting me with Editorial duties. Issue 2.4 of Zmag was not issued out to all BBS systems. This issue pertains to Assembly Language Programming which is 433 sectors long and is a corrolation of all the columns about the subject that were in past issues of Zmag. If you are interested in getting a copy, you can call the Syndicate BBS at (201) 968-8148 or the Atari Connection BBS at (315)622-1952. The next Special Edition of Zmag will be issue number 3.0 which will be devoted entirely to the Zmag BBS systems. It will have all of the Systems Logon info and Title Menus. ___________________________________ Xx ATARI OWNERS TOLD OF SUSPECTED FAULTY HARD DRIVES Supra Corp. has notified owners of Supra 30MB Hard Drives manufactured by NEC that the drives may develop encoding problems. In a message sent to users of the Atari Developers Forum on CompuServe, Supra said that some disk drives manufactured between August 15 and October 15, 1986, have been known to fail after extended use. Encoding problems can lead to scrambling of the disk directory and subsequent loss of data. To determine if your Supra 30MB drive was manufactured during the suspected problem period, check the identification plate on the bottom of the drive. The manufacturing date shown is in the format of MDDYY or MMDDYY. Users who suspect a problem with their drive should contact: Supra Tech Support (503)967-9081. ___________________________________ Xx Product Releases BACKUP! by Dave Clemans When a hard-drive crashes, there isn't any noise. No smoke, no fire, no broken glass or twisted metal. Physically, everything remains pretty much intact. But datawise... 20 megabytes of amnesia? Well, you just start over. From scratch. And hope it never happens again... Backups, what about backups? How often do you make backups of a quarter billion bytes of computer memory? And even so, are they accurate and up- to-date? Would you stake a month's lost labor on it? Or even a week's? Probably not. And now you don't need to. MichTron's new Backup utility is for those of us who like things quick and simple. Backup duplicates the contents of your hard-drive to floppy disks, minimizing the risk of loss. It also lets you restore the floppy backups back to the hard-drive after an accident, reducing any actual loss to an absolute minimum. But much more than that, Backup's specialized routines are very fast, and the program orchestrates the entire backup procedure for you, minimizing time and effort as well. There's no longer any reason not to make backups. Especially when it's this easy. Backup uses GEM pull-down menus to make things even more convenient. You can select numerous options and run different types of backups and restores with a click of the mouse. -Intelligent- routines give you the option of making full backups of the entire hard-drive, backups of only newly created or modified files, or backups simply by date. You might even decide to make an -image- backup, transferring logical sectors to counterpart floppies, saving even more time. Whatever method you need, the support is waiting for you in Backup! There's even a detailed Help menu available in the program. Backup is available from MichTron for $39.95 and runs on any Atari ST with a hard-drive. MichTron, a growing company in Pontiac, Michigan, is currently the largest producer of software for the Atari ST. **Pinball Factory** by Kary McFadden The video game comes full circle in this glorious tribute to the original! Classic pinball springs to life with fresh new angles that only the computer can offer. In addition to playing a great game of pinball, you can enjoy hours of creative pleasure as you design, build, and edit your own screens! Change the board - Imagine the perfect pinball machine. Choose from a multitude of bumpers, tabs, and other devices, and place them anywhere you like to get the action just right. Then using a powerful graphic drawing system, put in the walls and solid barriers. You can even illustrate your playing board with pictures, arrows, or whatever you like--the ball will pass right over them! The versatility and the possibilities are endless! Of course, Pinball Factory comes complete with a sample screen, ready to play and enjoy. Change the logo - Add flair to a screen you've just designed, or set the mood for one in the works. The built-in drawing system has the power of a full- fledged art program! Commands include Draw, Line, Ray, Frame, Round frame, Box, Round box, Circle, Disk, Detail to magnify small areas, Fill, Bigtype and Smalltype for adding text, and Airbrush and Shadow for special effects. You can change any of the Atari ST's 16 palette colors, giving you complete control and -artistic expression- as you sort through and select from over 500 different shades. Change the rules - Alter gravity, bounce, and scoring, and change the bumper strength and tab bonuses. You can even change the speed of the game and the number of balls for each of four players to -handicap- a multi- player game! Test and edit your screen until everything is perfect. You can Save and Load your favorite creations to disk.Multi-ball action - Special -capture- devices let you have up to three balls in play at once! That's enough fun, excitement, and challenge for the most avid pinball fan!Simple to use - All commands and menus are mouse controlled for easy use. Even the drawing commands are as easy as point and click!Complete realism - Crisp, colorful graphics and fast, smooth action give this machine-language arcade game a realistic, responsive feel you'll hardly believe! Special -tilt- controls even let you -bump- the machine!Pinball Factory is available from MichTron for $39.95 and runs on any Atari ST computer with color monitor or television hookup. ___________________________________ Xx THE DENTIST IS IN Want the scoop on cavities, plaque, tartar and root canal work? Once again, your modem rides to the rescue.Two dentists/teachers in Winston- Salem, N.C., have opened a computer bulletin board system to dispense free information. Dentistry On-Line was opened a month ago by Roger Horton of the Wake Forest University medical school, and Houck Medford, of the Bowman Gray School of Medicine.So far, says The Associated Press, the two have notified only health professionals about the free service, and they received 10 to 12 calls a day. Now they're advertising the board to the general public.In addition, they hope to receive funding from area hospitals to expand the board into a multi-user system.The BBS can be reached with a modem call to 919/748-2168. ___________________________________ Xx JUSTICE DEPT. FINES VIRGINIA COMPUTER FIRM $5.1 MILLION C3 Inc., which was fined $5.1 million earlier this week for overcharging the Army on a computer contract, has hired the New York investment banking firm Kidder Peabody Co. to examine a possible sale or restructuring of the Reston, Va.-based company, reports The Washington Post.C3 -- which stands for -computers, communications and control- -- entered a guilty plea to criminal charges on Monday, finally releasing it from the threat of prolonged litigation. This move, although preceded by several years of fighting the charges, will make it a more attractive candidate for acquisition.In addition to the hefty fine, C3's chairman, John G. Ballenger, and director, John D. Vazzana, who are the firm's largest stockholders, were forced by the Department of Justice to step down and play no role in the company for the next two years.Financial analysts interviewed by The Post, said the two may be looking to sell their interest in C3, which has been plagued by low earnings and sales the last few years.The 16-year-old company enjoyed booming growth in the 1970s and early 1980s by supplying computer systems and software to government agencies. In 1982 it was briefly suspended from military business when it was charged with overcharging on a contract to supply minicomputers for the Army Material Development and Readiness Command.According to The Post, C3 has been under continuous criminal investigation ever since, making it difficult for the company to expand and causing a severe decline in growth.C3 maintained its innocence for years, and on Monday pleaded guilty to 200 counts of making false statements in connection with the Army contract. The multi-million dollar fine was levied to cover the alleged overcharges.The Army agreed not to suspend C3 from further military work as long as Ballenger and Vazzana resigned. The settlement caused a surge in the company's stock, apparently due to speculation about a sale, notes The Post. ___________________________________ Xx NEW PRODUCT Abacus Software has released new software for the 1040ST.ST PaintPro is a graphics program that uses up to three windows and allows free form sketching, lines, circles, ellipses, boxes, and more.ST TextPro is a professional word processor that features multicolumn output, automatic indexing, fast text input and scrolling.ST FilePro is a simple yet versatile data management package that allows easy file design and input of data through screen templates. Each of these programs retail for $49.95 For more information, contact: Abacus Software 2201 Kalamazoo S.E. Grand Rapids, MI 49507 or call: 616- 241-5510 Midisoft Corporation is now shipping METATRAK, a multitrack MIDI sequencer for Atari ST computers. METATRAK features real-time and step-time recording, three modes of quantization, and cut/paste editing between tracks. MIDI system real-time commands (STOP, START, and CONTINUE) and MIDI song pointer commands are utilized to provide full synchronization with external MIDI devices such as drum machines and other sequencers. The suggested retail price of METATRAK is $99.00. For additional information please contact: Midisoft Corporation Box 1000 Bellevue, WA 98009 (206) 827-0750 ___________________________________ Xx Basic Review Power & Ease BASIC XL/BASIC XE by Tom Smith First Atari Computer Club of Spokane Atari BASIC may come with Atari computers, but it is not the BASIC that you should be using. BASIC XL and BASIC XE are the BASIC languages that everyone should be using. This is a bold statement, but let us take a look at these superior BASICs from OSS. OSS was the original producers of Atari BASIC, and they did a fine job of placing it in 8K. BASIC XL is the second generation of Atari BASIC and its total size has been increased to 16K. This jump in size was not done at a loss to the amount of memory available for programming. OSS uses a bank selected cartridge, so that at any time only 8K of the cartridge shows itself at a time. BASIC XE follows along the same lines, and is a further enhancement to BASIC XL. BASIC XE uses the same 16K bank selected cartridge, but on an XL/XE series computers it will load from disk an additional 11K of extensions and place this under the Operating System. This gives BASIC XE a total size of 27K with no loss of programming space. BASIC XL/BASIC XE share most of the same basic features that I will be discussing in this article, so I will just refer to BASIC XL for the rest of the article. I will leave this one final note on BASIC XE. If you own a XL/XE series computer (especially if you have or intend on getting a memory upgrade) then BASIC XE is your definite choice (with 128K of memory BASIC XE can give you 64K for program space and 32K for variables). The one big thing I enjoy about BASIC XL is its ease of use. BASIC XL makes a lot of tedious jobs associated with programming a snap. Have you ever had a problem of remembering to go back to CAPS after typing in a PRINT statement in lower case. Well, BASIC XL does not care what case your in when entering programs, you can ever be in inverse video. This makes program entry easy, and produces a easy to read listing. Also, Error messages are not given in cryptic numbers, but are given as a number with a word description of the malfunction. I should mention here that error codes are the same in BASIC XL as in Atari BASIC (Atari BASIC programs are 100% compatible with BASIC XL). Two more features that make BASIC XL friendly to use are Auto Line Numbering and program Renumbering. You can also delete either single lines or a range of lines with the DEL command. This is much cleaner and faster than typing a bunch of line numbers followed by 'Carriage Returns'. When it comes time to debug your programs two neat functions are the LVAR command and TRACE mode. LVAR produces a listing of all the variables used by a program and also the line numbers that they are used in. For those errors that you don't have a clue as to their origins you have the ability to TRACE a programs execution. In TRACE mode you run the program and the line number of the line about to be executed is displayed on the screen surrounded by square brackets. This continues until either; 1) an error occurs 2) the end of the program is encountered 3) you stop execution with the 'Break' key. You will be absolutely amazed at how these features can make your programming a much more joyful experience over Atari BASIC. But wait, there is one more thing that makes your life easier. Are you tired of having to go to DOS for simple directory listing that gets erased anyway when you go back to BASIC ? BASIC XL solves this problem by having its own mini-DOS. You can get Directory listings, Protect & Unprotect files, Erase files, and Rename files without leaving BASIC XL. Talk about convenience ! The features discussed so far are just things that make your life easier in the immediate mode of BASIC XL. Now we can get into all the nifty new commands that you can use in the program mode. All the commands and structures of Atari BASIC are exactly the same in BASIC XL with the addition of the commands listed below. For the sake of space I will list the commands followed by only a short description (just enough to wet your appetite). FAST Usually the first statement of your program. Allows your programs to run significantly faster than normal. BGET/BPUT allows you to input/output a specified # of bytes from memory to a given device. DIM A$(4,40) string arrays DPOKE/DPEEK Poke/Peek two bytes of data into/ out(of) memory (High/Low byte order) ELSE IF something THEN do this ELSE do this instead INPUT -....-;A a statement can be printed before the computer waits for an input. MOVE move chunks of memory around at machine language speed PRINT USING you can define the format of a printed line by setting up a format string containing format commands and then supplying a list of the variables that contain the info you wish displayed in the different fields. RGET/RPUT allows you to input/output fixed length records made of any combination of string and numeric data TAB computer will TAB out a given number of spaces WHILE/ENDWHILE While a given statement is true this loop will continue to execute until it turns false ERR can either return the # of the last error -OR- the line # where the last error occurred FIND searches a string for a given sub-string and if found returns the location at which the sub-string starts. HSTICK detects only horizontal movement of the joystick returning either 0,1,-1 VSTICK same as HSTICK but detects vertical movement only PEN returns the values in the lightpen registers LEFT$/RIGHT$/MID$ allows you to pull a given # of characters from either the Left/ Right side of a string or from the Middle(MID). HEX$ allows you to convert a decimal # in a four digit Hexadecimal number (BASIC XL) allows you to use HEX #'s in your programs by placing a '$' before the number Player Missile Support BUMP detects collisions between Players, Missiles, and Playfields PMADR returns the location in memory that a given Player/Missile is occupying PMCLR Clears a Player/Missile PMCOLOR Specify color for Player/Missile PMGRAPHICS Enable/Disable PM (Player/Missile) graphics PMMOVE Move PM to any location on screen PMWIDTH Define resolution of PM MISSILE Allows parent Player to shoot a Missile Well there you have it. A very brief overview of the capabilities of BASIC XL/BASIC XE over Atari BASIC. You cannot go wrong investing the $39 (BASIC XL) or $49 (BASIC XE) to give your Atari the power of one these premier BASICs. From the beginner to advanced programmer these two languages have it all. P.S. Prices quoted are Mail-Order ___________________________________ Xx Basic Programming Part One In this column we will provide descriptions and easy type in programs for various commands and functions available in Atari Basic. We will continue on a weekly basis in aplhabetical order. Example: ABS,CLR etc.... This weeks coverage is: ABS, ADR, AND, ASC ABS --- This function returns the absolute value of its argument. A numbers absolute value is its value without regard to sign. Example: ABS(argument) (argument) can be any numeric expression or numeric constant. Example: PRINT ABS(-81),ABS(82) 81 82 ADR --- This function returns the absolute memory address of the argument. The argument must be a predimenshioned string variable or a string constant. In BASIC, a machine language program can be put in a string variabe. However, the operating system moves variables around to use the memory efficiently. As a result, to call a machine language routine, the ADR function may be used to locate the string. ADR(argument) Example: X=USR(ADR(-Lx d -)) typing this line is equivalent to turning off the power to your computer. Upon executing this line, you will erase any RAM-resident program and will cause your Atari to behave as if it had just been turned on. The string argument of the command line is the machine language command to cold start the Atari. The USR function executes this command by finding it's address using ADR. AND --- This is an operator function. This word is generally used to combine two comparisons in the context of an IF--THEN statement. expression1 AND expression2 If an expression is non-zero, that expression will be evaluated as true. Likewise, an expression with a value of zero will be evaluated as false. The following is the truth table for AND X Y X AND Y ---------------------------- true true true true false false false true false false false false In Atari Basic, a true is 1 and a false by a 0. Example: 10 X=10 20 Y=30 30 IF X=10 AND Y>100 THEN END 40 PRINT -CONDITIONS WERE NOT MET- RUN CONDITIONS WERE NOT MET In this example, AND is used in an IF--THEN statement which ends the program if both conditions are true. The first expression of the AND statement is X=10. This is true because X is assigned the value of 10 in line 10. The second expression Y>100, is false because Y is assigned the value of 30 in line 20. The result is expression1 is true and expression2 is false. This will match the second line of the truth table. Example: PRINT (3=1+2) AND (-5) In this example, 3 is compared to the result of 1+2, so the first expression evaluates as true. The second expression (-5) is non-zero so it also evaluates as true. If you re-read the truth AND truth table, if both expressions are true, then the whole expression is true. Therefore, 1 is printed. ASC --- This function returns the ASCII code for the first character of a string. The argument of ASC can be a string variable or constant. ASC(argument) Example: 10 DIM B$(10) 20 B$=-ZEBRA- 30 PRINT ASC(B$) RUN 90 Next week we will continue with part 2. With functions, ATN, BYE, CHR$, CLOAD, CLOG, CLOSE, CLR. ___________________________________ Xx Zmag Calendar N O V E M B E R 1 9 8 6 ------------------------- 2-6 FALL JOINT COMPUTER CONFRENCE DALLAS, TEXAS ------------------------- 10-14 COMDEX/FALL '86 LAS VEGAS, NEVADA INFO:THE INTERFACE GROUP, INC 300 FIRST AVENUE NEEDHAM, MA 02194 800-325- 3330 ------------------------- 17-18 COMPUTER NETWORKING SYMPOSIUM WASHINGTON, DC INFO:COMPUTER NETWORKING SYMPOSIUM 1730 MASSACHUSETTES AVENUE, NW WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1903 202-371-0101 ------------------------- 18-20 LOCALNET '86 SAN FRANSISCO, CA INFO:ONLINE INTERNATIONAL 989 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS NEW YORK, NY 10018- 5485 212-279-8890 ------------------------- 18-21 WESCON '86 ANAHIEM, CA INFO:DALE LITHERLAND, DIRECTOR OF EDUCATION, ELECTRONIC- CONVENTIONS MANAGEMENT 8110 AIRPORT BLVD LOS ANGELES, CA 90045 213-772-2965 ------------------------- 19-21 ADA EXPO '86 CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINIA INFO:BECCA ESSMAN, EXPO MANAGER POST OFFICE BOX 868 FREDERICK, MD 21701 301-662-9400 ___________________________________ Xx Antic Analog Blues Part 3 By Ken White I read with a fair amount of annoyance the recent column by Jack H. Lee decrying the -excessive- support that Antic and Analog are giving to the ST line of Atari computers. Upfront, let me say that I'm an ST owner. I'm also an 8-bit owner, and have been for more than three years. When the ST's were first shown a year and a half ago, I was VERY interested. The amount of power they promised for a minimal price seemed to make them perfect for my needs (which are primarily in the field of word processing.) My only source of information about the machines at that time was the two Atari-specific magazines on the market - Antic and Analog. I devoured each issue, looking for new information about the machines, about software coming out for them, about anything that had to do with the Atari ST; as a prospective buyer, I wanted to know as much as possible about my prospective purchase. As Mr. Lee will remember, we 8-bit users were in the middle of a bit of a slump at that time, in both the hardware and the software arenas. Except for those few software companies that have supported Atari since the Warner Communication days, nobody wanted anything to do with the 8-bit line. Lo and behold, the ST's are released. Atari starts making some money. Atari looks like it might just be around for a few more years, so software companies (and some hardware companies as well) perk up their ears and start paying attention. Trip Hawkins of Electronic Arts makes an ill-advised decision not to support the ST's and he gets inundated by mail from loyal Atarians, both ST owners (a small number at the time) AND 8-bit owners. There was still some solidarity in the ranks. Fast forward a year. Suddenly, the ranks are filled with dissent. It's no longer -us- (ALL Atarians) against -them- (everybody else).... now it's -us- (the 8-bit users) against -them- (ST users and everybody else). I read user group newsletters from all over the country every month, and the story is the same in about 60% of the Atari user groups - -Oh, how are we gonna handle the ST - separate groups, separate newsletters, separate meetings.- ....or....-We don't have enough ST users in our group to justify any special treatment, so we're gonna pretend they don't exist...maybe someday down the road when we have a few of them....- Give me a break! If Mr. Lee and those of his ilk had their way, those of us who either use or plan to someday use an ST would be sent off to some little ST -ghetto- somewhere, where we could discuss our machines, read news about upcoming products, and run our programs without tainting the purity of the Atari way-of-life. When I first got started in computing, I chose an Atari 800 because I liked the feel of the keyboard, because it ran the software I needed, and because Atari had a reputation for service and reliability. The magazines I read to learn more about my new machine? Antic and Analog. When I decided to buy an ST, and finally did buy an ST, what magazines did I CONTINUE to read? Antic and Analog. Neither one of them is perfect. Neither one meets my needs entirely. Sometimes I'd like to toss an issue right into the garbage five minutes after opening it. But the fact remains that I own TWO computers and I therefore have a vital interest in coverage of BOTH machines. What, exactly, is Mr. Lee afraid of? That pretty soon everybody's going to forget about the 8-bit Atari computer line? Possible. Not probable, but possible. A whole lot more probable than the Commodore 64 fading into obscurity. Because there's 6 million of those suckers out there, and only 2 million 8-bit Atari machines. And 8-bit technology is rapidly becoming a technology that has reached the last leg of its race. It's unfortunate, but it happens to the best of computers. Seven years ago, a knowledgable computer guy was trying to convince me to buy an Exidy Sorcerer. Best machine around, he said. Blows the others away, he said....You run into many people with Sorcerers? I sure haven't. The machine was superceded by the Apples, the Ataris, the Commodores, the IBMs.... And ultimately the 8-bit Ataris will be superceded by the STs, the Amigas, and the machines that will ultimately supercede the 16 bit wonders of today. It's a matter of changing technology - if something can do things better and cheaper, it's gonna win. Which is not to say that there's anything wrong with the 8-bit machines, or that anybody should take a sledgehammer to their trusty 800XL and run (not walk) to their local ST or Amiga or Apple IIGS dealer....if the machine does what you want it to do, with reasonable speed, then hang onto it till the keys fall off. I bought an ST because I'm going to game design for the machine, and I obviously needed one. Had I not needed one immediately, I probably would have waited another six months, or maybe even a year. My 8-bit handled my needs just fine. But to somehow -fear- the ST, and coverage it is getting in the Atari-specific magazines seems to me to be the equal to sticking ones head in the sand and refusing to see what's happening outside ones own little 8-bit world. The two magazines seem to have the same amount of 8- bit coverage, and I've been reading them for three years - of course, you do have to wade through some ST material too.... Face it - the STs are Ataris too, and Antic and Analog are committed to covering the ATARI line of computers - not just the 8-bit line OR just the ST line. If you don't have the interest in STs that others do, just turn the page. Don't try to deny others access to information just because YOU aren't interested. Do that, and you're hurt ___________________________________ Xx NATIONWIDE ZMAGAZINE BBS SYSTEMS -------------------------------- Starting with this list each system will have a Zmag System number. If you leave a message or drop a letter to us, Please let us know which system you are reading Zmag on. |NEW JERSEY| ------------ 1. THE SYNDICATE BBS..(201)968-8148 2. THE LIONS DEN BBS..(201)396-0867 3. THE BACKSTAGE BBS..(201)944-1196 4. TEMPLE OF DOOM BBS.(201)656-6439 5. THE BOTTOM LINE....(201)991-5546 6. THE GATEWAY BBS....(609)931-3014 7. THE CAVE BBS.......(609)882-9195 8. EAST BRUNSWICK BBS.(201)254-6449 9. THE CULT BBS.......(201)727-2274 10.SURF CITY BBS......(201)929-9351 11.THE SANDY BEACH BBS(201)356-8411 12.THE DEEP...........(201)583-5254 13.M.J.A.C............(201)469-4474 |CALIFORNIA| ------------ 14.THE W.C. SYNDICATE.(415)825-2952 |INDIANA| --------- 15.M.O.U.S.E. BBS.....(219)674-9288 16.ONE STONE BBS......(219)875-8205 |FLORIDA| --------- 17.THE CARINA BBS.....(305)793-2975 18.ATARI COMPUTER CLUB(305)734-6026 |NEW YORK| ---------- 19.NEW YORK CITY BBS..(718)604-3323 20.ATARI CONNECTION...(315)622-1952 |KANSAS| -------- 21.THE HELP BBS.......(316)683-7514 |OHIO| ------ 22.MEGA VISION BBS....(216)441-3816 23.THE BALLOON WORKS..(419)289-8392 |MICHIGAN| ---------- 24.C.H.A.O.S. BBS.....(517)371-1106 |ILLINOIS| ---------- 25.RUNEQUEST BBS......(312)430-4234 |WASHINGTON STATE| ------------------ 27.KNOTTS NOOK BBS....(206)631-8056 |COMPUSERVE| ------------ DATA LIBRARY 7......BRO /KEY ZMAG |DELPHI| -------- DATABASE [Ed. This list is current to 11/01/86 and if your system carries Zmag and is not on this list. Please leave me a message on Compuserve User ID: 71777,2140 or drop us a line to: Zmagazine Post Office Box 74 Middlesex, NJ 08846-0074 Attn: Ron Kovacs ___________________________________ Zmagazine New Jersey November 8, 1986 Issue 2.6 ___________________________________ Please Contribute!! [Ed. Please excuse typing error on top of file. Should be November 8th, not November 11th.]