======================================= Bag of Tricks Documentation ======================================= Written by: The Phantom WARNING!!! WARNING!!! WARNING!!! Back up the disks that you are going to use INIT, ZAP, FIXCAT on or you are taking a big chance! :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: TRAX :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1. Summary of TRAX commands 1.1 Analysis Mode commands Arrows Select track to read. R Read current track. N Read next track. P Read previous track. F Toggle disk format (13 or 16 secs). V Verify disk and display errors. A Display address checksums. D Display data checksums. 0 Recalibrate and read track 0. S Change slot/drive configuration X Enter raw dump mode. ESC Exit program. 2. Raw Dump Commands -> Scroll forward one line <- Scroll back one line N Scroll to next page P Scroll to previous page B Go to beginning of buffer E Go to end of buffer C Change search byte X Return to analysis mode :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: INIT :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3. Summary of INIT Functions 3.1 Disk sectoring This value is the number of sectors per track. the options are 13 or 16. A 16 sector selection will not work if you have an old disk drive which has not been updated for 16 sectors per track. 3.2 Disk format This is the type of operating system being used on this diskette. for 13 sector both DOS and CP/M are available. For 16 sectors disks DOS, CP/M and PASCAL are available (the PASCAL option works for Apple Fortran). 3.3 Preserve data This option will allow you to re-format a disk while preserving the data on it. 3.4 Skew direction This prompt indicates the direction of the skewing to be used. The options are ascending and descending. Ordinarily, DOS reads sectors in descending order while CP/M and PASCAL read them in ascending order. 3.5 ??? TO 9, you could increase your disk speed up to 40%. 3.6 Slot The number of the slot occupied by you disk controller. 3.7 Drive The drive number of you disk drive. 3.8 Volume number This is the volume number that will be used to format your diskette. The numbers 0-254 are available. You can use this to change a volume number. 3.9 Starting track The track number which formating is to start. 3.10 Ending Track The last track to be formated. :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ZAP :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 4. The ZAP Program /EXP/ Moving the buffer cursor to the ofset given by /EXP/. /EXP/ may range in value from $00 to $FF (0-255) +|-/EXP/ (The symbols +|- means you can put a plus or minus sign at that point.) Move the cursor to a new offset, computed by adding or subtracting the value of the expression, /EXP/ EX. +257. R Read track and sector. Used in this format..R/EXP1/,/EXP2/ WRITE Write to current track and sector. Used in this format...WRITE/EXP1/,/EXP2/ N Next track. P Read previous sector. LC Lower case. UC Upper case. IMAGE Sets the ASCII translation on the right hand side of the screen so that minimal translation is done. ASCII The opposite of IMAGE mode. ASCII is the defult. LOCK Lock ZAP so no writing can be done. UNLOCK Opposite of LOCK, undoes LOCK. DOS16 Informs ZAP the the disk has 16 sec format. DOS13 Self explanitory. CP/M For CP/M disks. PASCAL For PASCAL disks. OPEN You can open a file like...OPEN"HELLO" and it will read the VTOC and find the track sector list and display the sectors c CLOSE Closes an opened file. PRINT Copies entire screen to printer. Here is a list of all the ZAP commands including the ones i didn't metion. /EXP/ Set buffer cursor +/EXP/ Move forward in buffer, disk, or file -/EXP/ Move backward as above R/TRK/,/SEC/ Read track, sector R/REC/,BYT/ Read record, byte (open file) WRITE/TRK/,/SEC/ Writes track, sector WRITE/REC/,/BYT/ Same as above N Next sector P Previous sector % indirect read 5. Buffer Modify Commands /STR/ Store string into buffer SET Multiple store & Logical and operation O Logical OR operation X Logical Exclusive OR operation 6. COMPARISON COMMANDS L Look for string. V verify strings matches buffer COMPARE/BUFFER/ Compare buffers. 7. Option Switch Commands LC Lowercase UC Uppercase. IMAGE Print char in image form. ASCII Standard ascii translation. LOCK Prevent write operations. UNLOCK Allow write operations. DOS16 DOS 3.3 DOS13 DOS 3.2 OR 3.1 CPM Use CPM skew table (16 sector). PASCAL Use PASCAL skwe table. NOWRAP Prevent disk or file wraparound 8. File Commands OPEN Open a file RLEN Set record length CLOSE Close file WHERE Open file containing sector 9. Printer Commands. PR# Set printer slot number PRINT Copy screen to printer DUMP Dump sector(s) to printer IDUMP Dump instructions to printer NOTE Print comment line LOG Log all changes NOLOG Stop logging changes 10. Buffer command # Select buffer 11. Macro Commands (/NAME//TEXT/) Define macro /NAME/ Invoke macro //NAME/ Delete macro MACROS List of all macros MSWAP Swap macro table with buffer H 1 "Label Commands" LABLES Displays all labels =/NAME/ Define label //NAME/ Delete label /NAME/+/EXP/ Position to label plus expression LSWAP Swap label trace with buffer 12. Trace commands TRACE Display trace table < Back up in trace > Advance in trace 13. Miscellaneous Commands AT/EXP/ Position but do not read AT Mark buffer empty S/x/,/y/ Set disk slot to (x) and ,drive to (y) ?/EXP/ Calculator I Disassemble to screen LOOP/CNT/,/LOC/ Repeat line HELP/EXP/ Shows help screen VTOC Reads DOS VTOC CAT Read first catalog sector STATUS Show ZAP status variables END Exit ZAP 14. Patching DOS using ZAP 14.1 Log note patch to aviod reload of language card R0,9 D3 V8D00E0 D3:EAEAEA UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG 14.2 BRUN or EXEC the HELLO File To BRUN R0,D V06 42:34 UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG To EXEC: R0,D 42 V06 42:14 UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG 14.3 Removing the pause during a long CATALOG R1,D VCE 43:60 UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG 14.4 Changing the HELLO File Name R1,9 75:'THE NEW NAME' UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG 14.5 Put cursor on command which caused a DOS Err UNLOCK R1,5 FF V6C FF:4C WRITE R1,6 00 V5E9D 00:DFBC WRITE R0,6 DF:C625:::2022FC6C5E9D WRITE NOLOG 14.6 Allow the Value of the L Keyword of a BSAVE to Exceed 32k R1,8 63 VFF7F 63:FFFF UNLOCK WRITE NOLOG 15. FIXCAT This is a self explanitory program. But here are some notes The way this program restores deleted files is that it goes looking for track/sector lists. I found this program to be realy great. First, if you have an I/O err, use INIT, while saving the data. If the I/O err is on the catalog track. No problem! Just run FIXCAT after using INIT and you can either start from scratch (warning! I have never done this so make a backup before using) or you can read from present catalog. If you start from scratch look for deleted files and restore all that you can.